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Beatrice Potter Webb
()
by Nicolle Bettis
Childhood
Born in Gloucester in , Beatrice Potter was the eighth born to a businessman, Richard Potter and Laurencina Heyworth who was a daughter of a Liverpool merchant (Britannica Online). Although her mother died while she was still quite young, Beatrice states that she remained "in the shadow of my baby brother's birth and death" (, ). This major disappointment of loosing a male heir seemed to devastate the family for the rest of their life. Another important note that seemed to play an important part in her life was the fact that Beatrice's mother "regarded her as the only ungifted child in the family" (, ). Even though Beatrice describes her family life as one which "habitually gave orders" (Britannica Online). After the death of her mother she found herself for
Webb, Beatrice Potter
WEBB, BEATRICE POTTER (–), British socialist.
Best known as a leader of the British Fabian Society in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Beatrice Potter Webb was also an early empirical sociologist, the author of important works of social and political history, and a brilliant diarist and autobiographer. The daughter of Richard Potter (–), a railway magnate and lumber merchant, and Lawrencina Heyworth Potter (–), a bluestocking and would-be novelist, she was raised with her eight sisters by nannies and governesses on a Gloucestershire estate and in a London flat during the Season. Her grandfathers, businessmen who made their fortunes in cotton and trade in the north of England, were Radicals and Nonconformists. In rebellion against the privileged and yet constraining social ethos of her immediate family, she invoked the political and religious dissent of her Lancashire ancestry as her true heritage. As a young woman she chafed at the idea that an advantageous marriage was the only imaginable vocation for a woman of her class and sought refuge in the intellectual tutelage of her mother's friend Herbert Spencer (–), the Potter family's "p
Sidney James Webb, 1st Baron Passfield (July 13, – October 13, ) and Martha Beatrice Potter Webb (January 22, - April 30, ) were Britishsocialists, economists, and reformers, the early members of the Fabian Society. Together with George Bernard Shaw, Annie Besant, Graham Wallas, Edward R. Pease, and Sidney Olivier, they turned the Fabian Society into the pre-eminent political-intellectual society in England in the Edwardian era and beyond.
With their socialist ideas, Beatrice and Sidney Webb deeply influenced British political thought and British institutions. They wrote several important works in empirical sociology that provided the blueprint for the British welfare state. Their founding of the London School of Economics had a major influence on economic thought and educational institutions not only in Britain, but far beyond. All this, however, was done in a way that did not demand credit for themselves, and thus their influence is often unremarked. For the Webbs, their partnership in their work and as husband and wife—initially surprising to many, as it contravened the expectations of society in their day—together with knowing that they had been a part of laying the fo
ウェッブ夫妻 (The Webbs)
ウェッブ夫妻はビクトリア朝の社会主義活動家で、フェビアン協会とイギリス労働党の指導者、そして London School of Economics 創設者だ。シドニー・ウェッブよりは目立たなかったものの、ビアトリス・ポッターもやはりその政策の実践にあってずいぶん活躍した。 年の貧困救済法に関する委員会の少数派意見報告書において、ポッターは後にヨーロッパや北米に登場するような、包括的な社会保障システム（つまり国民年金）と、もっと広範な福祉国家のの初の仕組みの一つとなったものを書き上げた。彼女はまた、エッジワースの最初にして最後の求愛対象となった (ポッターの言う「退屈なチビ教授」は、結局何も成果をあげられなかった)。
なお、ときどき誤解している人がいるけれど、このビアトリス・ポッターは、あの名作絵本の『ピーター・ラビット』シリーズを書いたビアトリス・ポッターとは別人だ（ビアトリスの綴りもちがうのだ）。
シドニー・ウェッブとビアトリス・ポッター・ウェッブの活動詳細は、フェビアン社会主義者たちのページを見てね。
シドニー・ウェッブとビアトリス・ポッター・ウェッブの主要著作
- シドニー・ジェイムス・ウェッブ Sidney James Webb,
- Facts for Socialists,
- Problems of Modern Industry,
- The Restoration of Trade Union Conditions,
- Grants in Aid: A Criticism and a Proposal,
- Seasonal Trades, with A. Freeman,
- ビアトリス・ポッター・ウェッブ Beatrice Potter Webb,
- Cooperative Movement in Great Britain,
- Wages of Men and Women: Should they be equal?,
- My Apprenticeship,
- Our Partnership,
- シドニー・ウェッブ＆ビアトリス・ポッター (共著):
- History of Trade Unionism,
- Industrial Democracy, (2 vols).
- English Local Government, (10 vols)
- The Manor and the Borough,
- The Break-Up of the Poor Law,
- English Poor-Law Policy,
- The Cooperative Movement,
- W
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